The Smarter Screen: Surprising Ways to Influence and Improve Online Behavior

  • If you want intelligence analysts to avoid blind spots, it’s helpful to zoom out and provide fewer details about the scene… providing less detailed feedback led to bigger improvements among investors (1) – page 5 intro
  • Customers become more educated when they are forced to read ugly fonts (2) – page 5 intro
  • We comprehend less while reading on screens than on paper (3) – page 6 intro
  • People value items more while shopping on a table (4) – page 7 Intro
  • Students get lower scores when taking the SAT on a computer (5) – page 7 Intro
  • A preoccupation with budgetary concerns leaves less mental resources available… the cognitive impact of poverty is roughly equivalent to losing 13 points in IQ (6) – page 24 1?
  • Low-income people are less likely to enroll in 401k programs… if low-income people are automatically enrolled in a savings plan, the vast majority end up saving for retirement (7) – page 24 1?
  • Subjects on their phones missed 50 percent of their driving environments… people on their phones had slower reaction times than driers with excessive blood alcohol content (8) – page 28 1
  • Consumers making food choices under cognitive load were more likely to choose items that were easy to perceive, even if they conflicted with their food preferences (9) – page 29 1
  • Patients failing to properly take their medication cost society somewhere between $100 billion and $289 billion every year (10) – page 32 1
  • Those who were shown cars with a green background with dollar signs were more likely to choose the cheaper car (11) – page 44 2?
  • Subjects shown the highly aesthetic report believed that the company’s shares were worth half as much (12) – page 51 2
  • Prettier cell phones seemed more usable and functional, even when they were technically equivalent to the uglier versions (13) – page 52 2
  • Our first impressions of a website (fifty millisecond) shaped our subsequent sense of trustworthiness (14) – page 53 2
  • Those who watched the Mountain Dew ad in a blur were more willing tobuy the product (15) – page 57 2
  • The most frequently guessed spots in Battleship are all clustered in the middle (16) – page 64 3
  • Middle bathroom stalls were used 50 percent more often than the outer ones (17) – page 67 3
  • When only four choices were shown in a 2×2 matrix, people were most likely to look at the top left quadrant… as the choices grew larger, they looked at the center.. these patterns of eye fixations had a large influence on the choices of subject (18) – page 69 3
  • Manipulations of saliency had a large impact on snack selections… Changes in visual saliency can get people to violate their stated preferences about half of the time… When people are given lots of time to think about their decisions, the visual biases become less relevant (19) – pages 71,73 3
  • When the cereals were organized by attribute, this drastically altered the ways in which the women assessed their options compared to when the cereal was organized by brand (20) – page 75 3
  • Users who had access to their financial information decreased their monthly spending by 15.7 percent (21) – page 86 4
  • Volunteers were given extensive feedback about their performance…this system produced superforecasters that were between 35-65 percent more accurate than competitors and even outpredicted CIA analysts with classified information (22) – page 90 4
  • People in the market naturally imitate one another, even when it leads them right off a cliff (23) – page 94 4
  • The new regulation prohibited highlighting any investment returns for any period shorter than a year… While investor could still access the short-term returns if the wanted, it took a little bit of effort… Most people didn’t bother… This rule change had a large and positive impact on how people made investing decisions (24) – page 95 4
  • Computer interviews increase disclosure for a variety of risky health behaviors (25) – page 101 4
  • Online customers chose pizzas that were more complicated and expensive, containing 33 percent more toppings and 6 percent more calories… people were less worried what others would think of their behaviors (26) – page 102 4
  • Subjects eat fewer calories when they think a scientist is keeping track of their food intake, and ta people are more likely to leave food on the plate in the presence of others (27) – page 103 4
  • Twenty four hours of classes did not lead to differences in financial spending (28) – page 106 4
  • Only half of patients take their medication as prescribed… 10 percent of all hospital admissions are due to patients not following instructions (29) – page 110 4
  • Students comprehended 47 percent less when reading on a computer than a paper (30) – page 117 5?
  • Students always comprehended less text on a screen (31) – page 119 5
  • When the headline was in an easy to read font, subjects focused on more superficial aspects… when the font was harder to read, people focused on more substantive content (32) – page 128 5
  • Those who took snapshots with their cameras were far less likely to remember he details for the paintings (33) – page 131 5
  • Fluent fonts on the dashboard reduced the time that drivers had to look away from the road by 10.6 percent (34) – page 132 5
  • 69 percent of people who decided not to enroll in Medicare said there were too many alternatives and 61 percent said the enrollment process was too complicated (35) – page 165 8
  • The relationship between the amounts of choice and satisfaction is best represented by an inverted U-curve (36) – page 167 8?
  • When menu options are grouped as a “low-calorie” category, subjects are more likely to eliminate the entire category and eat something with more calories (37) – page 172 8?
  • Choice closure, which is the psychological process by which decision makers come to perceive a decision to be complete and settle, can prevent regret. Even putting a lid over a cake can have this effect (38) – page 183 8
  • People below the median in mathematical ability were far more likely to prefer the gold plans, even when they were actually the bronze plans in disguise (39) – page 187 8
  • Having people think fist about why it would be good to delay gratification and not indulge before making a decision caused them to be more likely to wait for a bigger reward (40) – page 198-199 9?!
  • NFL coaches often make the wrong call about going for fourth down (41) – page 199 9
  • We tend to assume others are less averse to loss than we are (42) – page 203 9

 

References

  1. The display of information and household investment behavior
  2. Fortune favors the bold and italicized effects of disfluency on educational outcomes
  3. Reading linear texts on paper versus computer screen effects on reading comprehension
  4. Tablets, touchscreens and touchpads how varying touch interfaces trigger psychological ownership and endowment
  5. Reading linear texts on per versus computer screen effects on reading comprehension
  6. Poverty impedes cognitive function
  7. The power of suggestion inertia in 304k participation and savings behavior
  8. Cognitive distraction while multitasking in the automobile
  9. Relative visual saliency differences induce sizable bias in consumer choice
  10. Interventions to improve adherence to self administered medications for chronic diseases in the united states a systematic review, Adherence to medication, The unhidden costs of noncompliance
  11. When web pages influence choice effects of visual primes on experts and novices
  12. Wen and how aesthetics influences financial decisions
  13. The influence of design aesthetics in usability testing effects on user performance perceived usability
  14. An exploration for relations between visual appeal trustworthiness and perceived usability of homepages
  15. Distinctively different exposure to multiple brands in low elaboration settings
  16. Subjective patterns of randomness and choice some consequences of collective responses
  17. Choices from identical options
  18. Search dynamics in consumer choice under time pressrean eye tracking study
  19. Relative visual saliency difference induce sizable bias in consumer choice
  20. Effects of information presentation format on consumer information acquisitions trategise
  21. Economic behavior in the digital age
  22. Identifying and cultivating supercasters as a method of improving probability predictions
  23. Keeping up with the joneses interpersonal prediction errors and the correlation of behavior in a tandem sequential choice task
  24. The display of information and household investment behavior
  25. Why do survey respondents disclose more hen computers ask the questions
  26. The effect of social interaction on economic transactions evidence from changes in two retail formats
  27. THe effects of self-attention and public attention on eating in restrained and unrestrained subjects
  28. EFinancial literacy financial education and downstream financial behaviors
  29. Patient adherence to treatment three decades of research a comprehensive review
  30. Reading Computer presented-text
  31. Reading linear texts on paper versus computer screen effects on reading comprehension
  32. Overcoming intuition metacognitive difficulty actives analytic reasoning
  33. Point and shoot memories the influence of taking photos on memory for a museum tour
  34. Assessing the impact of typeface design in a text rich automotive user interface
  35. Consumers misunderstanding of health insurance
  36. Too much of a good thing the challenge ad opportunity of the inverted u
  37. How and when grouping low calorie options reduces the benefits of providing dish specific calorie information
  38. Turning the page the impact of choice closure on satisfaction
  39. Healthcare gov 30 behavioral economics and insurance exchanges
  40. Asymmetric discounting in intertemporal choice a query theory analysis
  41. Do firms maximize? evidence from professional football
  42. Affect empathy and regressive mispredictions of others’ preferences under risk